Saanp se mutalliq umoor ke ahkaam

[Ibnatu Ali]

Saanp se mutalliq umoor ke ahkaam

Tehreer: Shaikh Maqbool Ahmad Salafi Hafizahullah

Romanised By: Umar Asari

Saanp ko maarne ka hukm:
Saanpon ki aksariyyat takleef dene waali hai, is liye Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne use maarne ka hukm diya hai. Hazrat Aisha Radhiallahu Anha se riwayat hai ke Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaaya:

خَمْسٌ فَوَاسِقُ يُقْتَلْنَ فِي الْحِلِّ وَالْحَرَمِ الْحَيَّةُ وَالْغُرَابُ الأَبْقَعُ وَالْفَارَةُ وَالْكَلْبُ الْعَقُورُ وَالْحُدَيَّا​

Tarjumah: Paanch muzi (jaandaar) hain. Hall o Haram mein (jahaan bhi mil jayein) maar diye jayein. Saanp, kawwa (jis ke sar par sufaid nishaan hota hai) chuha, pagal kutta aur cheel.
(Sahih Muslim: 1198)

Saanp is qadar takleefdah hai ke Namaz tod kar use maarne ka hukm huwa hai. Hazrat Abu Hurairah Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai ke Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaaya:

اقْتُلُوا الأَسْوَدَيْنِ فِي الصَّلاَةِ الْحَيَّةَ وَالْعَقْرَبَ​

Tarjumah: Namaz padhte huwe bhi do kaale jaanwaron ko qatl kar do yani saanp aur bichchu.
(Abu Dawood: 921)
* Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne ise Sahih kaha hai.

Gharon ke saanp:
Gharon ke saanp ka hukm kuch mukhtalif hai, use pehle teen baar ghar khaali karne ka hukm diya jaayega kiunki mumkin hai kisi jin ne saanp ki shakl ikhtiyaar kar li ho. Abu Lubabah Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai:

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ الْجِنَّانِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِي الْبُيُوتِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَا الطُّفْيَتَيْنِ وَالأَبْتَرَ فَإِنَّهُمَا يَخْطِفَانِ الْبَصَرَ وَيَطْرَحَانِ مَا فِي بُطُونِ النِّسَاءِ​

Tarjumah: RasoolAllah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne un saanpon ko jo gharon mein rehte hain maarne se mana farmaaya hai siwaaye un ke jin ki pusht par (kaali ya sufaid) do dhaariyan hoti hain aur jin ki dum nahi hoti. Bila-shubha yeh nazar zaail kar dene aur aurton ka hamal gira dene ka baa'is bante hain.
(Abu Dawood: 5253)
* Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne ise Sahih kaha hai.

Ek naujawaan ka waqiya hai, nai nai un ki shaadi hue thi, Khandaq se ijazat le kar ghar aaye the, biwi ko ghar ke bahar dekha to aag bagula ho gaye. Aaj hamaari aurtein ghar ke bahar kya, kahaan nahi jaatien. Is mein hamaari ghaflat hai. Bahr e kaif biwi ne kaha ke ghar mein dekho kiya hai? Naujawaan ghar mein dekhta hai to paata hai ke ek saanp kundli maare bistar par baitha hai. Naujawaan ne saanp ko neze mein piro liya phir ghar se waapas nikla to us ne dobarah hamla kar ke naujawaan ko maar diya. Is waqiye se mutalliq Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaaya hai:

إِنَّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ جِنًّا قَدْ أَسْلَمُوا فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ مِنْهُمْ شَيْئًا فَآذِنُوهُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَإِنْ بَدَا لَكُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَاقْتُلُوهُ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ شَيْطَانٌ​

Tarjumah: Madinah mein jin rehte hain, jo musalmaan ho gaye hain phir agar tum saanpon ko dekho to teen din tak un ko khabardaar karo, agar teen din ke baad bhi na niklen to un ko maar daalo ke woh shaitaan hain.
(Sahih Muslim: 2236)

Ulama ne kaha hai ke teen baar ijazat kaafi hai, agar woh ghar se na nikle ya nikal kar dobarah aa jaaye to use qatl kar den lekin Abtar (woh saanp jis ki dum choti ho) aur Zut-Tufyatain (jis ki pusht par do siyaah lakeerain hon) in dono tarah ke saanpon ko har jagah aur har haal mein qatl kiya jaayega jaisa ke upar waali riwayat mein is ka zikr hai.

Haiwaan ke saath ehsaan o sulook:
Islam is qadar rahem-dili ka mazhab hai ke muzi jaanwar tak ko kam se kam takleef se maarne ka hukm deta hai. Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ka farmaan hai:

إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ فَإِذَا قَتَلْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الْقِتْلَةَ وَإِذَا ذَبَحْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الذَّبْحَ وَلْيُحِدَّ أَحَدُكُمْ شَفْرَتَهُ فَلْيُرِحْ ذَبِيحَتَهُ​

Tarjumah: Allah Taala ne har cheez ke saath sab se achcha tareeqa ikhtiyaar karne ka hukm diya hai. Is liye jab tum kisi ka qatl karo to achche tareeqe se qatl karo aur jab zabah karo to achche tareeqe se zabah karo, tum mein se ek shakhs (jo zabah karna chahta hai) woh apni (churi ki) dhaar ko tez kar le aur zabah kiye jaane waale jaanwar ko aziyyat se bachaaye.
(Sahih Muslim: 1955)

Is baat ko zikr karne ka mera maqsad yeh hai ke kuch log jaanwar ka be-dardi se qatl karte hain unhein is Hadees se sabaq lena chahiye. Jaanwar chaahe khaane ke liye zabah karen ya muzi hone ke sabab us ka qatl karen har soorat mein ehsaan ka pehlu madd e nazar rahe.

Saanp ki parwarish:
Aaj kal mukhtalif haiwaanaat, parinde, darinde aur saanpon ko paala jaata hai, unhein qaid kiya jaata hai aur unhein numaaish bana kar us se rupya paisa kamaaya jaata hai. Ulama baaz khoobsurat parinde masalan tota, bulbul waghera ko khoosurati aur sureeli aawaz ki wajah se paalne aur unhein qaid karne ki ijazat dete hain is shart ke saath ke unhein khaane peene ki sahulat di jaaye aur un ke huqooq ki ri’aayat ki jaaye. Paalne ki daleel Abu Umair ke parinde Nughair se li jaati hai aur qaid ki daleel us hadees se li jaati hai jis mein ej bhudhiya ke billi baandhne ka zikr hai.

Lekin muzi jaanwar jinhein maarne ka hukm diya gaya hai unhein baaqi rakhna khilaaf e sunnat hai, unhein mehfooz rakh kar kamaayi ka zariya ikhtiyaar karna jaaiz nahi hai. Saanp jise maarne ka Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne hukm diya hai ke jahaan paao use qatl kar do chaahe woh haram mein hi kiun na ho yahan tak ke namaz mein bhi maarne ka hukm diya hai. Is wajah se saanp ki parwarish chaahe zehreela ho ya nahi ho jaaiz nahi hai. Haan agar kisi medical ya scientific experiment ke tehat rakha gaya ho to us ke jawaaz ki taraf ahl e ilm gaye hain.

Saanp ka khana:
Saanp ka khana haraam hai kiunki Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne us ke qatl ka hukm diya hai. Kuch qaumon aur kuch mamalik (countries) mein saanp khaaya jaata hai, us ka soup piya jaata hai. China mein saikdon farms hain jahaan har tarah ke saanpon ki nash o numa is maqsad se ki jaati hai ke us ka gosht khaaya jaaye aur us ka soup bana kar piya jaaye balki soup duniya ki mahengi dish mein shumaar hoti hai. Aaj yeh dish aam hoti jaa rahi hai aur hotels mein aasani se dastiyaab hone lagi hai.

Saanp khaane se mutalliq Shaikh ul Islam Ibn e Taymiyah Rahimahullah ka mauqif mulahza farmaayen:

أكل الخبائث وأكل الحيات والعقارب حرام بإجماع المسلمين ، فمن أكلها مستحلاًّ لذلك فإنه يستتاب فإن تاب وإلا قتل ، ومن اعتقد التحريم وأكلها فإنه فاسق عاص لله ورسوله​

Tarjumah: Gandi cheezon, saanpon aur bichchuwon ko khana haraam hai, is par tamaam musalmaanon ka ijmaa hai. Jis ne use halaal samajh kar khaaya to us se taubah karaayi jaayegi, agar taubah kar li to theek warna qatl kar diya jaayega aur jis ne us ki hurmat ka aiteqaad rakhte huwe khaaya to woh faasiq, Allah aur us ke Rasool ka na-farmaan hai.
(Majmoo' ul Fataawa Li-Ibn e Taymiyah: 11/609)

Lehaza kisi musalmaan ke liye jaaiz nahi ke woh saanp (haraam cheez) khaaye. khaas taur se main ghair mulki safar karne waale musalmaanon ko naseehat karta hun ke hotels mein khaane peene mein ehtiyaat se kaam len.

Saanp ki tijaarat:
Aaj saanpon ki kasrat se tijaarat hoti hai, na sirf Europe aur Africa balki Barr e Aazam Asia mein bhi aam hai. Hind o paak bhi us ki tijaarat mein aage hain. Bahut se musalmaan saanpon ki tijaarat karte hain. Kuch log Museum ko bechte hain, kuch hotels ko faraaham karte hain. Aam logon mein bhi khaas taur se soup peene ki gharz (maqsad) se use becha jaata hai. Saanp haraam jaanwar hai jis ke qatl ka hukm huwa hai, aur haraam jaanwar ki khareed o farokht shariyat mein mamnoo' hai. Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ka farmaan hai:

إنَّ اللهَ إذا حرَّمَ على قومٍ أكْلَ شيءٍ حرَّمَ عليهم ثَمَنَهُ​

Tarjumah: Be-shak Allah Taala jab kisi qaum par koi cheez khana haraam karta hai to us ki qeemat us par haraam kar deta hai.
(Sahih ul Jami' Lil-Albani: 5107)

Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah kehte hain:

ما لا ينتفع به [من الحيوانات] لا يصح بيعه، كالخنافس، والعقارب، والحيات، والفأر، والنمل، ونحوها​

Tarjumah: Jin haiwaanon se faida nahi uthaaya jaata hai un ki tijaarat sahih nahi hai masalan gobreela (dungy), bichchu, saanp, chuha, chionti aur in jaise.
(Roza Tut Talibeen: 3/351)

Saudi Arab ki daaimi committee ka fatwa hai:
Kisi bhi tijaarti maamle ke durust hone ki sharton mein se ek shart yeh hai ke bila zaroorat bhi us se nafa' (faida) ka husool mumkin ho, aur saanpon mein

koyi faida nahi hai, balki un mein to nuqsaan hai, lehaza us ki khareed o farokht karna jaaiz nahi hai, aur yahi hukm chipkali waghera ka hai, ke us mein koyi faida nahi hai, lehaza us ki khareed o farokht jaaiz nahi hai.
(Bandaron ki khareed o farokht, fatwa number: 18807)
Saabit yeh huwa ke saanp ki khareed o farokht mana hai chaahe zehar waala ho ya zehar waala na ho.

Saanp ki khaal:
Aaj kal saanp ki khaal se bag, joote, purse aur bahut saari faishon ki cheezein banaayi jaati hain. Yeh cheezein bahut mahengi hoti hain is liye sirf maaldaar log hi khareed sakte hain. Yeh khaal kaise nikaali jaati hai abhi tak aam logon ko is ka ilm nahi tha aur bahut saare raaz abhi bhi posheedah hain Magar haal hi mein Indonesia ke jazeere Java ke nawaahi (aas paas) ilaaqe mein qaayem ek factory ki kuch photos saamne aayi hain jin se itna pata lagaana aasaan ho gaya hai ke us ke liye saanpon ko badi be-rehmi se maara jaata hai phir yeh qeemti chamda wujood mein aata hai. Upar main ne zikr kiya hai ke Islam ne qatl kiye jaane waale jaanwaron ke saath bhi husn e sulook ke saath qatl karne ka hukm diya hai. Saanpon ki khaal ki aisi tijaarat haraam hai, waise bhi saanp se kisi tarah ki qeemat ka faida uthaana mana hai.
Yahan ek masla mazeed wazeh kar dun ke haraam jaanwar ki khaal dibaaghat se paak nahi hogi, yahi mauqif ziyada qawi hai. Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ka farmaan:

إِذَا دُبِغَ الإِهَابُ فَقَدْ طَهُرَ​

Tarjumah: Jo khaal dibaaghat de de jaaye woh paak ho jaati hai .
(Sahih Muslim: 366)
ihaab se muraad halaal jaanwar ki khaal hai aur dibaaghat chamde ko paak karne ka tareeqa hai. Jo jaanwar halaal ho aur use zabah kiya jaaye to us ka chamda yunhi paak hai magar woh halaal jaanwar jo zabah se pehle mar jaaye to us ki khaal ko dibaaghat dene se paak ho jaata hai jaisa ke Hadees mein hai. Ibn Abbas Radhiallahu Anhuma ne bayan kiya:

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَجَدَ شَاةً مَيْتَةً أُعْطِيَتْهَا مَوْلاَةٌ لِمَيْمُونَةَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم: هَلاَّ انْتَفَعْتُمْ بِجِلْدِهَا.‏ قَالُوا إِنَّهَا مَيْتَةٌ.‏ فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا حَرُمَ أَكْلُهَا​

Tarjumah: Maimoona Radhiallahu Anha ki aazad kardah laundi ko sadqe mein bakri di gayi, woh mar gayi, RasoolAllah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam us ke paas se guzre to Aap ne farmaaya: Tum ne us ka chamda kiun na utaara, us ko rang lete aur us se faida utha lete! Logon ne bataaya: Yeh murdaar hai. Aap ne farmaaya: Bus us ka khaana haraam hai.
(Sahih Muslim: 363)

Haraam jaanwar ki khaal bhi haraam hoti hai is wajah se use dibaaghat dene par bhi paak nahi hogi, us liye koyi upar zikr ki gayi Hadees se yeh matlab na nikaale ke saanp ki khaal dibaaghat dene se paak ho jaaye gi. Shaikh Ibn e Baaz Rahimahullah ne haraam jaanwar ki khaal ki dibaaghat se mutalliq likha hai ke is mein ahl e ilm ka ikhtilaaf hai aur muhtaat rawish yahi hai ke Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke is irshaad par amal karte huwe unhein istemaal na kiya jaaye:

فَمَنِ اتَّقَى الْمُشَبَّهَاتِ اسْتَبْرَأَ لِدِيِنِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ​

Tarjumah: Jo shakhs shubhaat se bacha raha, us ne apne deen aur apni izzat ko mehfooz kar liya.

Neez Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaaya:

دَعْ مَا يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لاَ يَرِيبُكَ​

Tarjumah: Us cheez ko chor do jis mein shak ho aur woh ikhtiyaar karo jis mein shak na ho.
(Fataawa bin Baaz: 1/224)

Saanp se ilaaj:
Bazaar mein saanp ki charbi se tayyar ki hue bahut saari cheezein milti hain, isi tarah saanp ka tail bhi milta hai jo dard aur baal ko girne se rokta hai. Kuch ulama ne mutlaq taur par saanp ki cheezon ko ilaaj ke taur par istemaal karna jaaiz kaha hai aur kuch ne khaalis saanp se tayyar cheezon se mana kiya hai magar is ki mamooli miqdaar kisi dawa mein milaane ko jaaiz kaha hai. Ahadees ki roshni mein yeh dono mauqif ghalat hain. Allah Taala ne haraam cheezon mein shifaa nahi rakhi hai, agar haraam cheez mein kuch faida bhi ho to bhi hamein us se bachna hai . Allah Taala ka farmaan hai:

وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْخَبَآئِثَ​

Tarjumah: Aur pakeezah cheezon ko halaal bataate hain aur gandi cheezon
ko un par haraam farmaate hain.
(Surah Al-A'raaf, Surah No: 7 Ayat No: 157)

Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ka farmaan hai:

إنَّ اللهَ تعالى خلق الدَّاءَ و الدَّواءَ، فتداووْا، و لا تتداووْا بحَرامٍ​

Tarjumah: Yaqeenan Allah Taala ne beemari aur us ka ilaaj paida kiya hai, lehaza tum apna ilaaj karaao aur haraam cheezon se apna ilaaj mat karaao.
(Sahih ul Jami' Lil-Albani: 1762)