Hijri Saal Ka Aaghaaz!
Islami taqweem (calendar) ki ibteda hijrat e madinah se huwi, yeh aisi taraqqi thi jisey Islami tehzeeb mein badi 'azeem ush shaan aur munfarid ahmiyat haasil huwi, sab se pehle jis hasti ne hijri saal ka aaghaaz kiya wo Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattaab (Razi Allahu Anhu) thhey, hijri saal ki ibteda ke barey mein mukhtalif riwayaat waarid huwi hain.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (Razi Allahu Anhuma) bayaan karte hain:
كان التّاريخ في السّنة الّتي قدم فيها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم المدينة وفيها ولد عبد الله بن الزّبير
"(Sahaba e Kiraam Razi Allahu Anhum ne ehad e farooqi mein) tareekh likhne ki ibteda us saal se ki jis saal Rasoolullah ﷺ ne madinah e munawwarah ki taraf hijrat ki thi aur isi (hijrat waale) saal Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zubair (Razi Allahu Anhuma) paidaa huwe thhey."¹Sayyiduna Sahl bin S'ad (Razi Allahu Anhu) bayaan karte hain ke logon ne (waqi'aat ko) yaad rakhne mein ghalati ki (tou tareekh likhne ki zaroorat paish aayi) tou Sahaba e Kiraam (Razi Allahu Anhum) ne Islami tareekh ki ibteda na tou us din se ki jis din Rasoolullah ﷺ mab'oos huwe aur na hi us din jis din Aap ﷺ faout huwe, balke unhon ne Islami tareekh ki ibteda us din se ki jis din Rasoolullah ﷺ makkah se hijrat kar ke madinah e munawwarah tashreef laaye.²
Mashoor Tabayee Maimoon bin Mehraan (Rahimahullah) bayaan karte hain: "ek dafah Sayyiduna Umar (Razi Allahu Anhu) ke saamne ek iqraar namah paish kiya gaya jo mah e shabaan mein tay paaya tha, tou Sayyiduna Umar (Razi Allahu Anhu) ne farmaaya: "kaunsa shabaan? jo guzar gaya ya aaindah aane waala ya jo is waqt jaari hai"? phir unhon ne Sahaba e Kiraam (Razi Allahu Anhum) ko jama' kiya aur farmaaya: "logon ke liye koi aisi alaamat muqarrar karo jisey sab jaantey hon" tou ek Sahabi ne mashwarah diya: "hum romiyon ki tareekh par apni tareekh likhen tou theek rahega" lekin unki rai ko yeh keh kar rad kar diya gaya ke inki taqweem bahut puraani hai, wo tou zul qarnain se shuru hoti hai, doosrey shaksh ne mashwarah diya: hum ahle faras ka tariqah istemaal kar len" yeh sun kar sab ne kaha: "in logon mein aane waala har badeshah pehle badeshah ki taqweem khatam kar deyta hai" bil-aakhir unhon ne muttafiqqah faislah kiya ke dekha jaaye ke Nabi ﷺ madinah e munawwarah mein kitne arsah rahey, jab shumaar kiya gaya tou dus saal baney, lehaza Islami taqweem ki ibteda hijrat e nabawi se ki gayi."³
Usmaan bin Ubaidullah bayaan karte hain ke maine Sa'eed bin Musayyib (Rahimahullah) se suna, unhon ne farmaaya: Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattaab (Razi Allahu Anhu) ne ansaar aur muhaajireen ko jama' kiya aur unse dariyaaft farmaaya: (taqweem) ki ibteda kis din se ki jaaye? Sayyiduna Ali (Razi Allahu Anhu) ne mashwarah diya ke "jis din Nabi ﷺ ne hijrat ki aur shirk ki zameen chhor kar madinah e munawwarah tashreef laaye" tou Sayyiduna Umar (Razi Allahu Anhu) ne yeh mashwarah fauran qubool famaa liya.⁴
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¹(Wa Isnadahu Hasan Li-Zaatih, at-Tareekh ul Kabeer: 1/9, Wa Isnadahu Hasan Li-Zaatih, Tareekh e Tabri: 427, al-Mujam ul Kabeer Lit Tabrani: 11/85, Hadees: 11182, Mustadrak Haakim: 3/12-13, Hadees 4286, Tareekh e Dimashq: 1/38)
²(Tareekh e Dimashq: 1/40,43, Wa Isnadahu Hasan Li-Zaatih, at-Tareekh us-Sagheer Lil Bukhaari: 1/41, Wa Isnadahu Sahih, Bukhaari: 3934, Mustadrak Haakim: 3/12, Hadees: 4285)
³(Tareekh e Dimashq: 1/40,41, Wa Isnadahu Hasan Li-Zaatih, Furaat bin Salmaan Sadooq aur Hasan ul Hadees hain, Abu Haatim Razi ne kaha is mein koi harj nahi, yeh sachche maqaam par faiz aur saleh ul hadees hain, Kitaab Jarh wa Tadeel: 7/106, Tarajim: 454)
⁴(at-Tareekh ul Kabeer Lil Bukhaari: 1/9, Iski Sanad Hasan Li-Zaatihi hai Sa'eed bin Musayyib tak, Tareekh e Tabri: 2/476, Tareekh e Dimashq: 1/44, Mustadrak Haakim: 4/13, Hadees: 4287, aur kaha yeh hadees ki sanad sahihul isnaad hai aur Zehbi ne muwafaqat ki)
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Refrence: | Seerat E Umar Farooq (Razi Allahu Anhu), Taleef: Abu Naumaan Saifullah Khalid, Tehqeeq Wa Takhreej: Abul Hasan Tanveer ul Haq, Page: 206-208 |
Romanised: Syed Ibraheem Salafi
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